Combined lock and alarm



G. A..HABTRAMPF AND J. R. HOUCHIN.

comsmen LOCK AND ALARM.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT 8, 1919.

1,370,439, Patented Mar. 1,1921.

4 SHEETSSHEET 1- kWf/V a/Ps,

' WITOP/YKI GLA. HARTRAMPF AND J. R. HOUCHIN'. COMBINED LOCK AND ALARM.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT 8, I919.

Patented Mar. 1, 1921.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

. wvyw rafs,

G. A. HARTRAMPF AND J. R. HOUCHIN.

COMBINED LOCK AND ALARM. APPLICATION FILED SEPT 8, 1919.

1 70,439, Patented Mar. 1, 1921.

4 SHEETSSHEET 3. 49

z/ggaa G. A. HARTRAMPF AND J. R. HOUCHIN.

COMBINED LOCK AND ALARM.

APPLICATIQN FILED SEPT 8. 1919.

1,370,439, Patented Mar. 1, 1921.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GUSTAV A. HARTRAMPF AND JOSHUA. R. HOUCHIN, OF ATLANTA, GEORGIA.

COMBINED LOCK AND ALARM.

Specification of Letters Patent. l Patented 11 1 1921 Application filed September 8, 1919. Serial No. 322,373.

T all whom it may concern Be it known that we, GUSTAV A. HART- RAMPF and JOSHUA R. HoUorrIN, citizens of the United States, residing at Atlanta, in the county of Fulton and State of Georgia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Combined Locks and Alarms; and we do declare the following to be a full, clear. and exact description ofthe invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a. part of this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in looks of that general type wherein alarm means is combined with the lock mechanism for the purpose of giving signal in case of an attempt to open the. look by an irregular instrument, such as a key not originally designed or intended for use 'ith the lock mechanism.

The principal objects of the invention are to provide a combined lock'and alarm mechanism in which the lock'may be operated only by a key conforming precisely to a single determined pattern and any attempt to open the look by a will be invariably and certainly effective in causing the operation of the alarnrmeans; in which the tumblers of the lock may be adjusted within a wide range of selection, thereby to provide for changes in the pat tern of the key required to open the lock; and in which the tumbler carrying part is, (but only under proper conditions) readily accessible in order to provide for adjustment of the tumblers.

With the above objects in view the invention consists generally in'the combination of a locking bolt, an alarm, and a lock structure having two key-operated elements operatively related to the bolt and the alarm respectively one so organized that the operation of one or the. other, with a consequent operation of the bolt or alarm, is antomatically selected, accordingly as the key employed may conform to or vary from the determined pattern. The invention further consists in the organization of parts whereby the tumbler-carrying element of the lock structure may be readily removed to pro videfor the adjustment of the tumblers in case it may be desired to vary the pattern of the key required for the operation of the key of other design lock. The invention finally consists in certam combinations of structural elements which will be set forth in detail as the description proceeds.

Locks embodying the features of the invention may be used for various specific purposes and may be made in varying forms or types, each best adapted for some particular field of use. As an example of a structure in accordance with the invention we have shown in the accompanying drawings a lock adapted for the protection of an automobile against theft or unauthorized use and employed in association with elements which are formed to take over the tire and the rim of one of the wheels.

In said drawings:

Figures 1 and'2 are elevations of a lock and alarm mechanism in which the features of the invention are incorporated.

Fig. 3 is an interior view wherein the lock proper appears in elevation and certain of the associated parts are shown in section.

Fig. 4: is a bottom plan view.

Figs. 5 and 6 are horizontal and vertical sectional views in planes which are indicated, respectively, on the line 5 5 of Fig. 6 and the line 66 of Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a perspective view in separate detail of the casing and barrel of the lock proper and the retaining clip for the barrel.

Fig. 8 is a detail elevation of the bolt and its operating cam.

Fig. 9 is a view in partial side elevation and longitudinal section of the lock proper with operating key in position.

Fig. 10 is a detail sectional view on the line 10-10 of Fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is a detail elevation 'of the body of the key.

12 is a perspective view in separate detail of the body and interchangeably adj ustable wards of the key.

Fig. 13 is a detail sectional view on the line 1313 -of Fig. 10.

Similar cha actors of reference designate corresponding parts throughout the severalviews.

The operating parts are inclosed in a casing which, in the embodiment shown, combines a base plate l and a cover 2 suitably iitted on said-plate. As adaptingthe mechanism to theprotection of automobiles and for attachment to an automobile wheel the parts to be coupled together are a air of" straps 3 and 4 fashioned when-close to provide a tire and rim encircling loop. One

strap, for example the strap 3, is fixed-that is to say it is permanently secured to the casing as by being made inte ral or otherwise attached to the plate 1. he companion strap 4 is movable and is hinged to the strap 3 at a point remote from the casing. The strap 4 may be provided with an operating handle 5 and its free end is formed for engagement in a keeper 6 functionally associated with the strap 3, although in the embodiment disclosed formed as a recess in the under face of the plate 1. The strap 4 is also formed near its free end with a recess 7 for locking cooperation with the lock bolt 8 which normally projects into the keeper. In Fig. 1 the straps are shown in closed relation but the open position of the strap 4; is indicated by dotted lines.

The alarm may be of any suitable type, its operation being governed by the movement of acontrolling element. As shown and preferred it is of the type employed in alarm clocks and comprises a gong 9 and avibrating clapper 10 operated by a spring 11 and gear train 12 in the well known manner. In this instance the controlling element consists of an arm 13 projecting from the shaft 14 which carries the clapper 10: The winding arbor 11 of the spring 11 is accessible through a recess in the under face of the base plate 1.

The lock proper in addition to the bolt 8 consists of a key operated element for the operation of said bolt and another key operated element associated with the controlling element of the alarm. The pattern of the key determines the selection of the element of the lock which is (iperated by the manipulation of the key. key of some single determined pattern will operate the element which is associated with the bolt; a

. key of any other pattern will operate the element which is associated with the controlling mechanism of the alarm. In the embodiment shown the two lock elements are a casing 15 and a rotatable barrel 16 journaled in and extending beyond each end of said casing. The casin 15 itself is rotatable concentrically of sai barrel and is journaled at its front end in the cover 2 and at its rear end is a supporting plate 17 suitably secured within said cover. The bolt 8 is slidably mounted in a guide chami ber 18 suitably supported within the cover 2 and has a central opening 19 (Fig. 8) in which is fitted an operating cam 20, said cam being carried by a stud 21 having a bearing in the rear wall of said guide chamher. The cam 20 has in its front face a suitable recess 22 for cooperation with a projection 23 provided on the rear end of the barrel 16. The bolt 8 is projected by a spring 24 and is retracted by the cam 20 in consequence of a turning movement of the barrel 16 relatively to the lock casing 15. Said lock casing is provided with a projecting arm 25 which normally lies in the path of the arm 13 of the lock mechanism and prevents an operation of said mechanism. Vhen the lock casing 15 is turned in either direction in its bearings the arm 25 is moved to disengage the arm 13 upon which the alarm becomes operative.

The lock shown is of the type which includes a plurality of tumblers arranged partly within the barrel and partly within the lock casing, thereby to prevent any relative movement of these parts. Upon the insertion of a key of the determined pattern the tumblers will be operated so as to present no obstruction to the movement of the barrel and thereupon the barrel may be turned within the casing 15 for the purpose of retracting the bolt 8. A key of other than the proper pattern or any other irregular instrument if inserted into the key slot in the barrel will not operate the tumblers in the way intended and in all such cases one or more of the tumblers will continue to couple the barrel and the lock casing against relative rotation from which it follows that turning movement applied to the barrel will be transmitted to the lock casing which, turning in its bearings, will cause the operation of the alarm in the manner described.

The turning movement of the lock casing 15 need be very slight and by limiting it in any suitable manner there will be no liability of the bolt 8 being thrown in consequence of the concomitant movement of the barrel 16. As shown and preferred the lock casing 15 is provided with a radially projecting lug 26 for cooperation with a spring pressed detent 27 slidably mounted at the lower side of said lock casing in a chamber 27' attached to and projecting forward from the plate 17. As best shown, in Fig. 1 the lug 26 is formed on its inner face with a relatively shallow recess 28 and at each side of and immediately adjacent the recess 28 with deeper recesses 29 ,whose walls are more abrupt. The nose of the detent 27 normally engages in the recess 28 with sufiicient force to prevent the lock casing from turning with the barrel when the latter is operated by a key of the proper pattern but not with sufficient force to resist the movement of said casing as coupled to said barrel when an irregular 'key or instrument is used. When the casing 15'is thus turned with the barrel the detent 27, in accordance with the direction in which the casing is turned, engages in either of the recesses 29 with sufiicient force to arrest the further movement of said casing and to retain it against being returned to normal position. Owing to the immediate adjacency of the recesses 29 to the recess 28 the permissible turning movement of the lock casing 15 is very slight and consequently the participation of the barrel 16 in such movement will be without effect on the bolt 8 which will continue the exercise of its locking function. Since the engagement of the detent 27 in either of the recesses 29 will prevent the lock casing 15 from being restored to normal position the alarm will be operated for a prolonged period, either until its motive means, in the present instance the spring 11, becomes inoperative or until the casing is restored to normal position following the manipulation of the lock by the proper key. This is done by throwing the bolt 8, opening out the straps 3 and 4:, withdrawing the detent 27 by means of the finger piece accessible through an opening 30 in the base 1 and manipulating the lug 26, accessible through the same opening, to bring the lock easing into its normal position.

Fig. 9 illustrates details of a lock of preferred construction wherein provision is made for interchangeable adjustment of the tumblers. These are in the form of radially slidable pins which operate in openings in the barrel 16 and lock casing 15, each pin comprising inner and outer elements 31 and 32. The inner elements are interchangeable and vary in length; the outer elements are of uniform length. The barrel is provided with the usual key slot 33 which extends from its front end and communicates with the openings in which the tumblers slide. These openings are shouldered as at 34 adjacent the key slot in order to limit the inward displacement of the tumblers; and by preference anti-friction rollers 35 are associated with the inner ends of the inner elements 31, these rollers taking the contact of the wards of the key and normally bearing against the shoulders 34 either by gravity or, as preferred, under the pressure of the springs 36 arranged within the lock casing and which urge the tumblers inward. Normally the outer tumbler elements 32 are disposed partly in the tumbler openings in the lock casing and partly in the tumbler openings in the barrel, thereby to prevent rotation of the barrel relative to the casing. It is obvious that thebarrel can be turned in the'casing only when the inner tumbler elements 31 are disposed wholly within the barrel and the outer tumbler elements are disposed wholly within the lock casing. The pattern of the key required of course depends on the particular arrangement of the elements 31 since the combined depth of the wards of the key and the respective elements 31 must be uniform throughout and the depth of the wards will therefore vary with the length of the elements 31, the wards being deeper as the elements are shorter and vice versa. It follows that any interchangeable adjustment, that is to say transposition,

of the elements 31, will necessitate a change in the pattern of the key.

The key employed may be of the ordinary integral form in which case a new key will be required whenever an adjustment of the tumblers is made. However it is preferred to use a key of the construction shown in Figs. 9-13 wherein interchangeable wards are provided, compensating adjustments of which are made in connection with an adjustment of the tumbler elements 31. The wards are slidably fitted to the body 37 of the key and correspond in number to the tumblers. The ward 38 which is located at the end of the key remote from the handle is relied on for holding the other wards 39 on the key body and hence. is not interchangeable, as regards its position; howemr several wards 38 of varying depth may be provided as elements of the lock equipment and any one of these may be used, according to the length of the associated tumbler element 31, as the end ward of the series. The ward 38 is provided in its side with an opening 40 and the shank of thekey is provided with a spring catch 41-1 which snaps into said opening and secures the ward 38 against displacement. The other wards 39 are confined between the ward 38 and a shoulder 12 which adjoins the handle of the key. To transpose the wards it is required that the ward 38 be first removed, the catch 41 of course being manipulated. The other wards are then removed and replaced in suitably transposed relation, after which the same or a different ward 38, (according to the adjustment of the tumblers) is fitted on the key and secured by the catch 41. As thus or otherwise constructed for adjustment of the tumblers provision is made, in accordance with the invention, for obtaining ready access to the barrel 16. For this purpose said barrel is slidably fitted in the lock case and may be removed by pulling it axially forward. That portion of the barrel which projects inward beyond the lock casing is provided with an annular groove 43 for cooperation with a retaining clip 44 (Figs. 3 and 6). The clip 14 is formed as a plate and is fitted for vertical sliding movement between the plate 17 and the front wall of the guide chamber 18, said plate 17 and front wall thus coacting as guides. The clip 44 is held normally in an elevated position in which its lugs 45 lie within the groove 13 by a spring pressed detent 46 (Fig. 3) whose nose engages a cam surface at one ofthe lower corners of the clip and is provided at one side with a depending angular finger piecc 4-7 by which it may be lowered in order to disengage its lugs 45 from the groove 13 and permit the removal of the barrel. The finger piece 17 is accessible through the opening 30 above shoulders.

referred to. For the release of the barrel 16 it is not necessary that the clip be wholly removed from between the plate 17 and chamber 18 and it is therefore preferred to provide in its side edge a shallow recess 4-8 in which the nose of the detent 46 will engage to limit the downward movement of the clip as effected by the finger piece 47. Obviously the clip may be restored to its normal position in which it is held by the detent 46 by upward pressure applied to the finger piece 47. The removal of the barrel requires, in addition to the disengagement of the clip 44, the use ofthe regular key in order to uncouple the barrel from the lock casing 15. The clip being held disengaged, the barrel may then be pulled forward from the lock casing; this is preferably accomplished in connection with a very slight turning movement of the barrel which will entirely eliminate any possibility of the tumbler elements 31 and 32 catching against the openings in the lock casing and barrel, respectively.

The openings in the casing 15 in which the tumbler elements operate are formed at a uniform elevation with internal shoulders 51 and are of larger diameter beyond said The outer tumbler elements 32 have at their outer ends heads 52 which take the thrust of the springs 36 and which engage the shoulders 51 when the barrel is removed in order to prevent the displacement of said tumbler elements from the openings in the lock casing. The barrel 16 has along its upper side and beyond the rearmost tumbler element 31 a longitudinal down-.

wardly and rearwardly inclined cam surface 53 which has a drop of suitable degree. 'As removed the barrel carries with it the tumbler elements 31 and as inserted the key is fitted in position in order to hold these elements with their outer ends flush with the surface of the barrel. The cam surface 53 provides for the insertion of the barrel into the lock casing and at such time its function is to engage the ends of the tumbler elements 32 which project into the sleeve or barrel-inclosing portion of the casing and as the barrel is pushed inward to force said elements entirely back into the openings provided therefor in the casing 15. In this way the elements 32 are prevented from obstructing or interfering with the insertion of the barrel into the lock casing.

The cover 2 is provided with openings 49 to prevent any muffling of the sound given off by the alarm; and in order that no instruments may be inserted through these openings in an attempt to tamper with the mechanism all of the parts are arranged within a cylindrical shield 50 inclosed withv in but spaced from the cover and whose open top lies inaccessibly under the closed top of the cover.

N 0 claim is made herein to the construction of lock and key features shown in Figs. 9 to 13, inclusive, of the drawing, the same being given merely as an illustration of the construction preferred to be used with the construction of locking bolt and alarm otherwise described and claimed herein.

Having described our invention and set forth its merits what we claim is:

1. In a mechanism of the type set forth, in combination, a lock having two rotatable elements one fitting within the other and means normally coupling them and operated by a key to uncouple them, a bolt operated by the movement of one of the elements when uncoupled from the second ele ment, an alarm device normally maintained inoperative by the second element and whose operation is responsive to a movement of said second element, and means for attachment of the device to the object to be locked.

2. In a mechanism of the type set forth, in combination, a lock having two rotatable elements one fitting within the other and means normally coupling them and operated by a key to uncouple them, a bolt operated by the movement of one of the ele ments when uncoupled from the second element, an alarm device normally maintained inoperative by the second element and whose operation is responsive to a movement of the second element as coupled to the first element, means for holding the second element against movement during the movement of the first element to operate the bolt, and means'for attachment of the device to the object to be locked.

3. In a mechanism of the type set forth, in combination, a lock having two elements fitted one within the other, one of the elements being operatively movable relatively, and as fitted, to the other and also being removable from the other, means having interchangeably adjustable parts carried by the removable element for normally cou pling said elements together, said means being operated by a key to uncouple said ele ments, :1. bolt operated by the movement of one of the elements when-uncoupled from the second element, an alarm device nor-- mally maintained: inoperative by the second element and whose operation is responsive to a movement of said second element, means for normally holding said elements in their mutually fitted relation and being movable to release said removable element, and means for attachment of the device to the object to be locked.

4. In a mechanism of the type set forth, in combination, a lock having a cylindrical rotatably mounted casing, a barrel rotatably mounted in the casing andtumblers normally coupling the casing and the barrel and operated by a key to uncouple them, thereby to permit movement of the barrel in the casing, a bolt operated by the barrel in its said movement, an alarm device, means associated with the casing for normally maintaining the alarm device inoperative, the operation of said device being responsive to a movement of said casing, and means for attachment of the device to the object to be locked.

5. In a mechanism of the type set forth, in combination, a lock having a cylindrical rotatably mounted easing, a barrel rotatably mounted in the casing and tumblers normally coupling the-casing and the barrel and operated by a key to uncouple them, thereby to permit the barrel to be rotated in the casing, a bolt operated by the barrel in its said rotation, an alarm device, means associated with the casing for normally maintaining the alarm device inoperative, the operation of said device being responsive to a movement of said casing, a spring pressed detent which holds the casing against movement normally, and during the rotation of the barrel as uncoupled from said casing, but whichdoes not prevent a forcible rotation of said casing as coupled to the barrel, and means for attachment of the device to the object to be locked.

6. In a mechanism of the type set forth, in combination, a lock having a cylindrical rotatably mounted casing, a barrel rotatably mounted in the casing and tumblers normally couplingthe casing and the barrel and operated by a key to uncouple them, thereby to permit rotation of the barrel in the casing, a bolt operated by the barrel in its said rotation, an alarm device, means associated with the casing for normally maintaining the alarm device inoperative, the operation of said device being responsive to a rotation of the casing, the barrel being removable in the direction of its axis from the casing, a clip normally holding the barrel against axial displacement, said clip being movable to release the barrel and thereby provide for its removal from the casing, and means for attachment of the device to the object to be locked.

7. In a mechanism of the type set forth, in combination, a lock having a cylindrical rotatably mounted casing, a barrel rotatably mounted in the casing and tumblers normally coupling the casing and the barrel and being operated by a key to uncouple them, thereby to permit the barrel to be rotated in the casing, a bolt operated by the barrel in its said rotation, an alarm device, means associated with the casing for normally maintaining the alarm device inoperative, the operation of said device being responsive to a movement of said casing, the casing having a radial projection provided with a central recess and recesses at each side of the central recess, a spring pressed detent having a nose normally engaged in the central recess and, upon a turning movement of the casing in either direction, engageable in one or the other of the recesses at the sides of the central recess, and means for attachment of the device to the object to be locked.

8. In a mechanism of the type set forth, in combination, an audible alarm device, a bolt, a lock having two movable elements, one of which controls the operation of the bolt and the other of which controls the operation of the alarm device, a shield surrounding said alarm device, bolt, and lock and having an open portion, a shell inclosing said shield and the parts which said shield incloses and being perforate'adjacent an imperforate portion of said shield and imperforate adjacent an open portion of said shield, and means for attachment of the device to the object to be locked.

In testimony whereof we aiiix our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

GUSTAV A. HARTRAMPF. JOSHUA R. HOUCHIN. Witnesses:

ALICE HARRIS, KATHERINE BREEN. 

